Carl Sagan - Cosmos - Episodul 2: "O Voce în Cosmos"

!±8± Carl Sagan - Cosmos - Episodul 2: "O Voce în Cosmos"

Episodul 2: "O Voce în Cosmos" 1. Introducere 2. Nava materie cosmică 3. Crabul Heike Povestea crabului Heike şi selecţia artificială a crabilor care seamană cu luptători samurai 4. Selecţia artificială 5. Selecţia naturală Evoluţie prin selecţie naturală 6. Ceasornicarul Intelligent design 7. Calendar Cosmic Dezvlotarea vieţii în cadrul calendarului cosmic şi explozia din cambrian ADN şi functiile sale în creştere, replicare şi refacere; mutaţii 8. Evoluţia Evoluţia animată, de la microorganisme la om 9. Grădina Kew - ADN Călătorie în nucleul celulei 10. Experimentul Miller-Urey Biochemistria organismelor terestre Creaţia materiei organice în laborator; experimentul Miller-Urey 11. Viaţa Extraterestră Speculaţii despre Jupiter şi posibilitatea vieţii în norii lui Jupiter 12. Cosmos 10 ani mai târziu ARN poate controla reacţii chimice şi să se auto reproduce Cometele au mult material organic

Carl Sagan - Cosmos - Episodul 2: "O Voce în Cosmos"

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Gott Thermos - A Diamond In The Rough

!±8± Gott Thermos - A Diamond In The Rough

I recently got a 2 quart Rubbermaid Gott Thermos for 4 dollars from a bargain bin and didn't realize how useful and precious it can be. First of all, when people hear the word thermos, they imagine one of those tall, thin, vacuum flasks used by industrial workers to store hot coffee. The Gott Thermos I bought is not like that. It's basically an insulated plastic jug cooler similar to the more recent Coleman coolers. But it serves the same purpose, it's vacuum sealed and insulated so anything stored in it will maintain its temperature for a much longer time.

Another thing is that Gott thermos brands are rare and extremely hard to find these days, resulting in a cult-like following among collectors, so I guess finding it being sold cheap on a thrift store makes me all sorts of lucky, despite its importance and rarity being lost on me. I basically just bought the Gott thermos because I know I could have some use for it, and partly because it brought back memories from my childhood. As my childhood was spent in a school where plastic jugs and coolers similar to it were used in abundance.

The Gott thermos I brought home had a white colored lid with spout and handle, matched with a blue body. It's ten inches tall and six and a half inches around in size and can hold 2 quarts of water with temperatures ranging from hot, cold, or lukewarm. I haven't tested its limits but it can keep the temperature consistently for 4 hours. I haven't tested it much longer than that.

Lately I've been using the thermos more and more and becoming increasingly dependent on it. I put iced water on it and lug it along to the gym during my weekly workouts, and even got weird stares from officemates when I started bringing it to the office filled with hot coffee. I admit that hot coffee looked out of place in what looks like a water jug meant for cold water, but it works perfectly well for coffee as well. I think the box and paper that came with it explicitly mentioned said fact.

I also took it to the park a few days ago, having filled it with hot soup. It was perfect for the cold morning, just sitting on a bench with a Gott thermos and a plastic spoon having my way with the soup. I admit I must have looked like a well-dressed hobo that time, but it felt good and relaxing. It's a little convenience that may have gone a long way towards feeling refreshed and active longer and easier throughout the day.

Right now the trusty Gott thermos is beside my PC, as I find that filling it with hot coffee meant that I could save some time going back and forth from the computer table to the kitchen just to fix myself a cup, and I can also take my time in drinking the coffee without worrying about it going cold on me. I don't know if it's a good thing or a bad thing but the 6 dollar thermos that nobody notices already became a large part of my daily life, and I hope that it's as durable and long lasting as its box claims.

Gott Thermos - A Diamond In The Rough

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Guyot Designs Alternative : Stanley Flasks Utility Water Bottle.

!±8± Guyot Designs Alternative : Stanley Flasks Utility Water Bottle.

PLEASE READ , This video was made back in april before they were available at TK Max and before any other video was made . They can now apparently be bought for £6.00. An alternative to the Guyot Designs Bottle primarily for the UK market . Guyot bottles are hard to acquire and can be very expensive , This stanley flask offers good quality stainless steel and practical features .

Guyot Designs Alternative : Stanley Flasks Utility Water Bottle.

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The Vacuum Flask - Alias Thermos

!±8± The Vacuum Flask - Alias Thermos

Everyone has heard the term "Thermos", but most don't know much about why it works and where it came from. A good "Thermos" keeps your food or beverage hot or cold for an extended period of time.

Over a century ago in 1892 Sir James Dewar, a chemist and physicist, invented the vacuum flask. They were called Dewar Flasks. The first vacuum flasks commercially made were by a German company named Thermos in 1904. In 1963 the word "Thermos" was declared a genericied trademark. Today most do not ask for a vacuum flask, but instead ask for a thermos. Simply put, a thermos is a vessel which keeps the contents hot or cold by placing an empty space between the contents and the environment. The vacuum (empty space) is used for the thermal insulation. The contents are not in a vacuum condition. The contents are held in an inner flask.

A typical vacuum flask is made of plastic, glass, or metal with hollow walls. Think of two thin walled flasks, one inside of the other. The air is removed from the narrow space between the inner and outer walls. They are sealed together at the neck. The vacuum thus created minimizes heat transfer by either convection or conduction. Radiative heat loss can be minimized with the use of a reflective coating. Sir James used silver.

Heat is transferred by conduction, convection, and radiation. A large fire is an example of all three. The ground for several feet underneath the fire gets hot. This is conduction. Another example is to heat one end of a metal bar. Soon the other end is also hot. The second heat transfer source is convection. Convection occurs because when a liquid or gas gets hot, it tends to rise above the rest of the body. Think of the smoke and flames rising above the fire. The third source of heat transfer is radiation. The fire's heat you feel on your face is infrared radiation. Even though you are away from the fire, you can feel that heat. A thermos is made to minimize the transfer from all three sources.

The inner wall of the thermos is usually thin and has a low thermal capacity. Therefore, little heat is lost or gained when food or liquids are added. Some heat or cold is transferred where the two flasks are joined. The stopper is the area with the most potential for loss or gain. Originally the stopper was cork. While cork is still used, most stoppers are now plastic or rubber. To help retain the desired temperature, it helps to preheat or precool the thermos.

Does you thermos know if the fluid or food inside is hot or cold? Does it care? No. All your thermos is doing is limiting the heat transfer through its walls. This lets the contents maintain temperature for an extended period of time. Amazing invention isn't it?

The Vacuum Flask - Alias Thermos

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